ACAP Latest News

Read about recent developments and findings in procellariiform science and conservation relevant to the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels in ACAP Latest News.

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A pledge to help the Black Petrel gets signed in New Zealand

The ACAP-listed and Vulnerable Black Petrel Procellaria parkinsoni is restricted as a breeding species to Little Barrier and Great Barrier Islands in New Zealand’s Hauraki Gulf.  The species is at risk to land-based predators (on Great Barrier) and to fishery interactions at sea.

Black Petrel at sea, photograph by Biz Bell

New Zealand’s Black Petrel Working Group has now come together to pledge its support for the species (click here).  The group, with members drawn from fishing and conservation bodies and communities, met at the end of last month to sign a pledge with commitments that range from “continuous improvement in seabird smart fishing practices to supporting research to better understand the status and trend of the remaining black petrel population.”

The pledge’s text follows:

“Every year the black petrel (tāiko) returns to our shores after a heroic journey that spans thousands of kilometres across the Pacific Ocean.  These seabirds come home for summer, to the only place in the world where they are known to breed, on Great Barrier and Little Barrier Islands.

Once their breeding colonies were found through the North Island and parts of the South Island, and black petrels numbered in the hundreds of thousands.  Introduced predators have eliminated all of the mainland colonies and today there are only around 2700 breeding pairs remaining.  In New Zealand fishing activity is the main risk to the species nowadays.

We think the black petrel deserves to thrive and we’re taking action to make that happen.

Who are we? We’re the Black Petrel Working Group, a group of concerned fishers, environmental groups, government agencies, as well as local body, and iwi organisations. This is our pledge to take a stand and help black petrels regain lost ground.

Starting this summer, we pledge to:

• Expand the use of seabird smart fishing practices to avoid harming black petrels across all fishers in the Hauraki area (known as the fishing area FMA 1).

• Look for ongoing ways to improve how to avoid catching black petrels while fishing.

• Assist with the deployment of electronic monitoring and cameras on fishing vessels to prove our methods are in place and working.

• Support research into black petrel biology to better understand the status and trend of the remaining populations.

These commitments are part of a plan, to be backed up by measurable targets and milestones which we will report on yearly, when the breeding season ends and the black petrels depart our shores.

We know there’s a lot of work ahead, but with our collaborative approach we can share not only the workload but our collective expertise, learnings and most of all, our passion for the birds.

Many commercial fishers in the Hauraki Gulf already have seabird smart practices in place and we’re keen to bring everyone else on board too, including recreational fishers who enjoy the Gulf alongside the black petrel.

So we’re asking everyone to take a stand, to join the pledge and be seabird smart on the water, starting this summer.”

Click here and here (with a video clip) for media reports on the working group’s pledge.

What other ACAP-listed species might benefit from this approach?

John Cooper, AbCAP Information Officer, 02 November 2014

Artificial lights down Scopoli’s Shearwater fledglings in Malta

BirdLife Malta has reported 17 cases of young Scopoli’s Shearwaters Calonectris diomedea stranded inland due to the effects of light pollution in the past two weeks (click here).

“Insensitive lighting from coastal development misleads these birds inland, often ending with these birds grounded and unable to make it back to the sea.  Light pollution is one of the main threats for Malta’s shearwaters, not only causing these strandings but also the abandonment of entire colonies in the past.”

Rescued Scopoli's Shearwaters downed by light pollution in Malta last month, later successfully released

Photographs by Ben Metzger and Joe Sultana

Malta’s population of Scopoli’s Shearwaters has been estimated at around 4500 pairs, equivalent to an estimated 5% of the Mediterranean breeding population.  According to BirdLife Malta the main threats to the species in Malta are development close to the colonies, disturbance and persecution by humans, light and sound pollution and fisheries bycatch.

A number of other shearwater species are affected deleteriously by artificial lighting when fledging.  These include Yelkouan Puffinus yelkouan in Malta (click here), Newell’s P. newelli and Wedge-tailed P. pacificus in the Hawaiian Islands, Short-tailed P. tenuirostris in Australia, Townsend´s Shearwater P. auricularis on Mexico’s Socorro Island and Cory’s C. borealis in the Azores and Canary Islands.  Gadfly Pterodroma spp. and other burrowing procellariiform species are also affected at inhabited localities.

Selected Literature:

Gaston, K.J., Davies, T.W., Bennie, J. & Hopkins, J. 2012.  Review: reducing the ecological consequences of night-time light pollution: options and developments.  Journal of Animal Ecology 49: 1256-1266.

Raine, H., Borg, J.J., Raine, A., Bairner, S. & Borg Cardona, M. 2007.  Light pollution and its effect on Yelkouan Shearwaters in Malta; causes and solutions.  BirdLife Malta  54 pp.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 01 November 2014

Saving albatrosses: BirdLife South Africa’s Ross Wanless receives Environmentalist of the Year award

Dr Ross Wanless of BirdLife South Africa’s Seabird Conservation Programme received South Africa’s Nick Steele Memorial Award as Environmentalist of the Year at the 26th Annual SAB (South African Breweries) Environmental Media and Environmentalist of the Year Awards held in Johannesburg earlier this month.

Ross Wanless...

 

...and his award

Nick Steele was a South African game warden and author who worked to protect rhinoceroses in the 1950s and 1960s in KwaZulu-Natal.  Winners of the award are chosen from the top 10 finalists by a group of judges.  The award comes with a cash prize of South African Rands 25 000.

BirdLife South Africa’s Seabird Conservation Programme “has used science, advocacy, persistence and win-win solutions” to reduce mortality of albatrosses in South Africa’s trawl fishery for hake Merluccius spp. by over 95% (click here).

 “The SAB award recognises not just a lot of hard work over many years, but an individual who has been instrumental in delivering significant, lasting conservation outcomes.  Very few conservation programmes can actually demonstrate tangible benefits for species they seek to conserve”.

"It’s a real honour to receive this sort of recognition, but I do need to acknowledge that I have an amazing team at BirdLife South Africa, and this award is theirs as much as mine”, said Dr Wanless.

Ross was unable to receive the award in person, as he was then in South Korea running a workshop with the country’s tuna longline fleet to assist it in adopting best-practice measures to avoid seabird mortality

BirdLife South Africa’s seabird programme has already won two other prizes, one international awarded to staffer Bronwyn Maree, the other domestic, for its work in reducing albatross and petrel mortality in fisheries that has now been published in the journal Animal Conservation (click here).

Selected Literature:

Maree, B.A., Wanless, R.M., Fairweather, T.P., Sullivan, B.J. & Yates, O. 2014.  Significant reductions in mortality of threatened seabirds in a South African trawl fishery.  Animal Conservation doi:10.1111/acv.12126.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 31 October 2014

At least 15 Reindeer remain on a South Atlantic seabird island following a two-year eradication programme

Efforts to eradicate introduced Reindeer Rangifer tarandus from South Georgia (Isla Georgias del Sur)* in the South Atlantic took place over the last two austral summers with over 6600 animals killed from the two herds that then existed (click here).

According to the report of this year’s exercise at least eight females and calves survived in the Barff Peninsula region, with the intention to remove them by shooting early next year, leading to a Reindeer-free island after three years of effort.  A helicopter was deployed from a visiting vessel last month to look for these few remaining Reindeer.  Fifteen animals were photographed together among the snow in Penguin Bay (click here).

The last 15 Reindeer?

The removal of nearly all the Reindeer from South Georgia (Islas Georgias del Sur)* is already leading to vegetation recovery from grazing and trampling.  This is expected to improve the habitat for burrowing petrels, including the ACAP-listed and Vulnerable White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis.  “Projects have been established to monitor vegetation and bird communities to track the recovery of the island’s ecosystems after the eradication. Although it will take a number of years for the full benefits of the eradication to be realised, there are already signs of vegetation recovery.”

A Reindeer on South Georgia (Islas Georgias del Sur)* before th eradication effort, photograph by Kirk Zufelt

The history of the island’s Reindeer, first introduced from Norway in 2011 "as a reminder of home and for recreational hunting", is depicted in a set of four postage stamps issued earlier this month.  Click here to view the stamps and accompanying text.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 30 October 2014

*A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Islas Georgias del Sur y Islas Sandwich del Sur) and the surrounding maritime areas.

ACAP supports the first aerial census of Endangered Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatrosses on the UK’s Gough Island

The first aerial photographic survey of Endangered Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatrosses Thalassarche chlororhynchos on the United Kingdom’s Gough Island in the South Atlantic was undertaken on 27 September this year during incubation time as part of South Africa’s annual relief of its weather station on the island.  The survey team consisted of Alex Bond of the UK’s Royal Society for the Protection of Bird’s Centre for Conservation Science (with financial support from ACAP’s grant awards for 2014), and Peter Ryan, Delia Davies and Ben Dilley of the FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa.

The need for an island-wise survey was identified by ACAP’s Advisory Committee at its 2013 meeting (AC7) in La Rochelle, France, given that previous estimates have been based on ground work only, which does not allow access to all the rugged island’s breeding sites.

A Bell 212 helicopter operated by Starlite Aviation was used for the survey, flying from South Africa’s Antarctic supply and research vessel, the S.A. Agulhas II.  The single flight lasted about 25 minutes.  Not all areas of the island were covered due to low cloud in the west.  Three observers used hand-held cameras through an open door to obtain multiple sets of photos.  In addition, two GoPro cameras were fitted below the helicopter with the aim of helping orientation and the merging of photos.

Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross on Gough Island, photograph by Andrea Angel and Ross Wanless

The view from the helicopter during the survey, photograph by Delia Davies

According to Alex Bond work has now started to merge the overlapping aerial photos using software to form photomontages, capitalising on recent advances in imaging quality and processing.  Apparently occupied nests (AONs) can then be relatively accurately counted from these montages on-screen.  However, because of Gough’s thick vegetation in places, some occupied nests will not show up on aerial photographs so extensive ground truthing has been undertaken on the island to allow for correction factors to be applied.

Poor flying weather halted a similar survey planned for the main island of Tristan da Cunha from going ahead.  This has now been rescheduled for September 2015.  Tristan is thought to be the largest breeding site for the Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross, but the most recent population estimate (16 000-30 000 breeding pairs) dates as far back as the early 1970s.

Click here to read more of the RSPB’s conservation work in the Tristan da Cunha group of islands.

Research and monitoring of albatrosses in the Tristan-Gough Islands are supported financially and logistically by ACAP, UK's Darwin Initiative, the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and National Research Foundation and Ovenstone Agencies and takes place with the approval of the Tristan Conservation Department.

With thanks to Alex Bond and Peter Ryan for information.

Selected Literature:

Cuthbert, R.J., Cooper, J. & Ryan, P.G. 2014.  Population trends and breeding success of albatrosses and giant petrels at Gough Island in the face of at-sea and on-land threats.  Antarctic Science 26: 163-171.

Cuthbert, R., Ryan, P.G., Cooper, J. & Hilton, G. 2003.  Demography and population trends of the Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatross.  The Condor 105: 439-452.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 29 October 2014

The Agreement on the
Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels

ACAP is a multilateral agreement which seeks to conserve listed albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters by coordinating international activity to mitigate known threats to their populations.

About ACAP

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Hobart TAS 7000
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Email: secretariat@acap.aq
Tel: +61 3 6165 6674