The 106-ha island of Skokholm lies off the coast of Pembrokeshire in Wales.  It first operated as a bird observatory in 1933, and is currently owned and administered by The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales.

The observatory’s seabird report for 2015 is now available.  It gives detailed information of ongoing monitoring of the island’s breeding populations of Manx Shearwaters Puffinus puffinus (the World’s third largest), Arctic Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis and European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus.

Manx Shearwater chick approaching fledging, photograph by Jaclyn Pearson

 Skokholm is a Site of Special Scientific Interest.  The surrounding waters are a marine reserve and together form part of the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.  The island became a national nature reserve in December 2008.  Along with the nearby island of Skomer the island is an Important Bird Area designated by BirdLife International.

Reference:

[Anon 2015]. Skokholm Bird Observatory Seabird Report 2015.  [Bridgend]: The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales.  50 pp.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 07 January 2016

Following on from the news of incubating Laysan Albatrosses Phoebastria immutabilis being killed and their eggs smashed by night-time human intruder(s) at the Kaena Point colony on the Hawaiian island of Oahu on 27 December, Pacific Rim Conservation reports:

“There was a miraculous survivor of the attacks at Kaena Point - the egg pictured with the dead parent in our previous post was still alive despite being exposed and parent-less for close to two days.  We put the egg in another nest whose egg was infertile.  As of today [6 January], the egg is still alive and being incubated by its new foster parents pictured below.  While they destroyed 17 nests and an unknown number of adults, there are still 55 nests going strong.”

 A mutilated Laysan Albatross corpse lies next to the egg which survived

The rescued egg under a foster parent

Photographs by Pacific Rim Conservation  

ACAP Latest News will continue to report developments with this shocking incident as news emerges.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 07 January 2016

For the last three years ACAP Latest News has been posting illustrated articles in an occasional series that describes the many localities, most of them uninhabited islands, where ACAP-listed albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters breed around the World.  The series commenced with New Zealand’s Bounty Islands; the most recent account published, the 82nd, is for the main island in the Auckland Island Group.

For Australia, Ecuador, Mexico, Norway and South Africa all their ACAP breeding sites (including ones with now extinct colonies, such as Bouvet Island) have been written up, but for other countries hosting ACAP species, as well as for the Antarctic Continent and for disputed territories, there are still a number of sites to cover.

An appeal is made for authors and photographers to help complete the series.  Here is a partial list of the remaining sites by countries not yet assigned to volunteers:

Chile:  Isla Ildefonso
France:  Iles Apotres, Cochons, de l’Est and Pingouins in the Crozet Island Group
Japan: Mukojima, Ogasawara Islands

New Zealand:  Chatham (translocation site), Forty-Fours and Three Kings

USA: Barking Sands (Kauai), French Frigate Shoals, Gardner Pinnacles, Lisianski, Ka’ula, Necker, Niihau and Pearl & Hermes Reef
Disputed Territories: remaining individual islands in the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)*, South Georgia (Islas Georgias del Sur)* and the Senkaku Islands
Antarctic Continent:  remaining colonies of Southern Giant Petrels Macronectes giganteus on and around the Antarctic Peninsula.

A white-phase Southern Giant Petrel incubates in Antarctica, photograph by Markus Ritz

For a write-up what is required are:

1.  A brief description of the locality with its name, locality, size, habitat and vegetation,
2.  Information on breeding ACAP-listed species: names, numbers, trends and monitoring efforts,
3.  Conservation status: management plan, nature reserve status and alien control/eradication efforts past present or planned,
4.  Up to eight selected references, and
5.  Five to six photographs with captions showing the locality, its habitats, colonies and ACAP species.

Help is available for co-authoring and editing texts.

With thanks to the many willing helpers who have authored and co-authored breeding site accounts and submitted their photographs to date.  Hoping to hear from more!

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 06 January 2016

*A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Islas Georgias del Sur y Islas Sandwich del Sur) and the surrounding maritime areas.

The Northern Royal Albatrosses Diomedea sanfordi of Taiaroa Head on New Zealand’s South Island near the city of Dunedin are noteworthy in that they breed on the mainland and can be viewed by the public from the Royal Albatross Centre’s observation building.  The colony and its breeding birds are carefully managed to address such conservation issues as alien predators, fly strike and as the following account from last month shows, overheating.

Northern Royal Albatross pair at Taiaroa Head

“All of Dunedin's albatrosses and their incubating eggs survived Monday's [21 December] heat wave thanks to the breeze and an ingenious sprinkler system.  Taiaroa Head's 29 nesting pairs and their eggs got through the 34.6° C heat unscathed and are due to hatch on 12 January.

Department of Conservation Head Ranger Lyndon Perriman said the wind was a blessing as, on a 20° C day without wind in November, the ground temperature got up to 38° C.  This, combined with the heat of adult birds, created real problems.

The optimal incubation temperature for albatross eggs is 36.4° C, Mr Perriman said.  "The heat [on Monday] certainly didn't help.  The birds were hot but there was [sic] no major concerns.  If there's no wind and the sun is beating down, then that's when the problem comes,'' he said.

A sprinkler system had been devised about five years ago to counter the ground temperature, which was turned on manually when needed.  On Monday, the sprinklers were on, but just for one nest tucked away on the southern side of the headland out of the wind.  "We had an irrigation sprinkler going for a couple of hours,'' Mr Perriman said.  "In the past we've had birds die from heat exhaustion.  If there was no wind, it would have been absolutely diabolical out there.''

The colony started [this season] with 35 eggs, of which 32 were fertile.  Two eggs were lost due to accidental breaking by the nesting parents and the other was an embryonic death related to temperature or infection.”

Source: Otago Daily Times, 23 December 2015.

Last season a total of 32 eggs was laid, resulting in 27 chicks fledging.

John Cooper, ACAP Information Officer, 05 January 2016