ACAP Small Grant 2024-04

Safeguarding White-chinned Petrels on New Island Through Localised Predator Control

Project Leader: Ross James, Falklands Conservation

Amount Awarded: AUD 18,873 (Supported by a Voluntary Contribution from Abercrombie & Kent Philanthropy)

The breeding colony of White-chinned Petrels Procellaria aequinoctialis, (WCP) on New Island (ACAP breeding site No. 20 and IBA) is significant due to its geographic isolation from other WCP breeding sites in the region – the next closest site being 250 km away. The WCP population on New Island has experienced dramatic declines over the past two decades, with the number of breeding pairs falling from an estimated 30-50 to near extirpation. In 2022, a survey conducted by the charitable Non-Governmental Organisation, Falklands Conservation (hereafter known as ‘the charity’), showed no breeding success, and only nine burrows remained in suitable condition to support breeding. Without immediate intervention, the probability of recolonisation following local extinction is extremely low, making it essential to act now.

Using the prescribed criteria, feral cats have been recognised by ACAP as a threat to WCPs on New Island. Trail cameras placed in the WCP colony since 2022 show the area is well used by feral cats, rats and mice, with feral cats observed regularly patrolling the area and putting their head inside burrows, presumably checking for signs of occupancy. This project aims to implement localised predator control to safeguard the WCP population on New Island until the planned full-scale invasive mammal eradication in June 2027. The focus of this preliminary work is on reducing predation pressure from feral cats and rats, which are thought to be primary threats to the breeding success of the petrels. The objectives are to protect breeding pairs and chicks, improve the overall breeding success during the upcoming seasons, and stabilise the population. To achieve these objectives, the project will employ targeted predator control methods. The equipment to deliver this work has already been purchased using Darwin Plus funding from the recently completed project DPLUS169. 

In addition to trapping, cat deterrent electric fencing will be installed around key breeding areas to create a non-lethal barrier that deters cats from accessing petrel burrows while still allowing the birds to move freely. We will continue to monitor the WCP colony using trail cameras to better understand the impacts invasive mammals have on the avifauna, as well as understanding potential fluctuations in abundance of invasives. We have lethal rodent traps which will be deployed to suppress rodent numbers in the immediate vicinity of the WCP colony.

These measures will be complemented by continuous monitoring and adaptive management to assess their effectiveness and make necessary adjustments. Other feasible predator deterrents, such as visual or auditory repellents, will also be considered and deployed if needed to further reduce predation risk. The intention is to create a safe environment for the WCP during their breeding season, thereby improving their chances of survival and breeding success.